Automobile is generally composed of four basic parts: engine, chassis, body and electrical equipment.
I Automobile engine: the engine is the power unit of the automobile. It consists of 2 mechanisms and 5 systems: crank connecting rod mechanism; Valve train; Fuel supply system; Cooling system; Lubrication system; Ignition system; Starting system
1. cooling system: it is generally composed of water tank, water pump, radiator, fan, thermostat, water temperature gauge and drain switch. Automobile engine adopts two cooling methods, namely air cooling and water cooling. Generally, water cooling is used for automobile engines.
2. lubrication system: the engine lubrication system is composed of oil pump, filter collector, oil filter, oil passage, pressure limiting valve, oil gauge, pressure sensing plug and dipstick.
3. fuel system: the fuel system of gasoline engine is composed of gasoline tank, gasoline meter, gasoline pipe, gasoline filter, gasoline pump, carburetor, air filter, intake and exhaust manifold, etc.
II Automobile chassis: the chassis is used to support and install the automobile engine and its components and assemblies, form the overall shape of the automobile, and receive the power of the engine, so as to make the automobile move and ensure normal driving. The chassis is composed of transmission system, driving system, steering system and braking system.
According to the transmission mode of braking energy, the braking system can be divided into mechanical type, hydraulic type, pneumatic type, electromagnetic type, etc. The braking system adopting more than two energy transmission modes at the same time is called combined braking system.
III Car body: the car body is installed on the frame of the chassis for the driver and passengers to ride or load goods. The body of cars and passenger cars is generally an integral structure, and the body of freight cars is generally composed of two parts: the cab and the cargo box.
IV Electrical equipment: electrical equipment consists of power supply and electrical equipment. Power supply includes battery and generator; The electric equipment includes the starting system of the engine, the ignition system of the gasoline engine and other electric devices.
1. storage battery: the function of the storage battery is to supply power to the starter and supply power to the engine ignition system and other electrical equipment when the engine starts or runs at low speed. When the engine is running at a high speed, the generator generates sufficient power, and the battery can store excess power. Each single battery on the battery has positive and negative poles.
2. starter: its function is to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy, drive the crankshaft to rotate and start the engine. When the starter is used, it shall be noted that the starting time shall not exceed 5 seconds each time, the interval between each use shall not be less than 10-15 seconds, and the continuous use shall not exceed 3 times. If the continuous starting time is too long, it will cause a large amount of discharge of the battery and overheating and smoking of the starter coil, which is very easy to damage the machine parts.
Post time: May-31-2022